17-August-2009
Historical Perspectives and Technology Overview of Loudspeakers for Sound Reinforcement
Horns and direct-radiating systems have provided the basis for sound reinforcement for more than a century.
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17-August-2009
Low-Frequency Optimization Using Multiple Subwoofers Todd Welti; Devantier, Allan
At low frequencies the listening environment has a significant impact on the sound quality of an audio system.
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17-August-2009
Loudspeakers and Rooms for Sound Reproduction—A Scientific Review
The physical measures by which acousticians evaluate the performance of rooms have evolved in large performance spaces—concert halls.
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10-October-2003
Full-Sphere Sound Field of Constant-Beamwidth Transducer (CBT) Loudspeaker Line Arrays
Don B. Keele, Jr.
The full-sphere sound radiation pattern of the constant-beamwidth transducer circular-wedge curved-line loudspeaker array exhibits a three-dimensional petal
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01-January-2003
Differences in Performance and Preference of Trained versus Untrained Listeners in Loudspeaker Tests: A Case Study
Sean E. Olive
Listening tests on four different loudspeakers were conducted over the course of 18 months using 36 different groups of listeners.
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10-October-2002
Maximizing Performance from Loudspeaker Ports
Alex Salvatti, Allan Devantier, Douglas J. Button
There is a current trend in the marketplace for loudspeaker ports to have a more aerodynamic appearance.
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10-October-1993
AUDIMIR: Directional Hearing at Microgravity
Alexander Persterer, Martin Opitz, Christian Koppensteiner, M. Nefjodova, Christian Müller,Meinhard Berger
In October 1991 the first Austrian cosmonaut spent one week on board the Soviet space station MIR.
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10-October-1992
Heat Dissipation and Power Compression in Loudspeakers
Douglas J. Button
In the professional audio market today there is a variety of transducers with high power ratings. As these drivers generally are less than 5% efficient, they convert almost all of their input power to heat.
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10-October-1990
Effective Performance of Bessel Arrays
D.B. Keele Jr.
The Bessel array is a configuration of five, seven, or nine identical loudspeakers in an equal-spaced line array that provides the same overall polar pattern as a single loudspeaker of the array.
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10-October-1990
Measurement and Estimation of Large Loudspeaker Array Performance
Mark R. Gander; John M. Eargle
While the individual elements used in large loudspeaker arrays may be well documented, the performance characteristics of the complete arrays themselves have not generally been measured in detail.
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10-October-1989
The Detection of Reflections in Typical Rooms
Sean E. Olive; Floyd E. Toole
Reflected sounds influence the timbre and spatial character of live and reproduced sounds. Most investigations of reflections have focused on the performance of live sounds in large halls.
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10-October-1989
Theory and Design of a Digital Audio Signal Processor for Home Use
David Griesinger
Studies of concert-hall acoustics have shown that energy from lateral reflections is particularly important in listener satisfaction and involvement. A digital signal processor has been developed for home
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10-October-1988
The Modification of Timbre by Resonances: Perception and Measurement
Floyd E. Toole; Sean E. Olive
Resonances are fundamental to the production of musical pitch and timbre. they are also the principle source of coloration when they are added in the processes of sound recording and reproduction.
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10-October-1986
Dynamic Linearity and Power Compression in Moving-Coil Loudspeakers
Mark R. Gander
All loudspeakers exhibit changes in their performance characteristics as the input drive level is increased.
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10-October-1986
Loudspeaker Measurements and Their Relationship to Listener Preferences: Part 2
Floyd E. Toole
Using the highly reliable subjective ratings from an earlier study, loudspeaker measurements have been examined for systematic relationships to listener preferences.
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10-October-1986
Loudspeaker Measurements and Their Relationship to Listener Preferences: Part 1
Floyd E. Toole
Precision measurements on loudspeakers have been possible for some time now, and over the years, various views of their importance have developed as a result of accumulated experience and scientific investigation.
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10-October-1983
Improvements in Monitor Loudspeaker Systems
David Smith; D.B. Keele, Jr.; John Eargle
As the recording industry enjoys the benefits of both digital and advanced analog recording technology, attention is appropriately focused on the use of compression driver and horn designs.
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10-October-1981
Moving-Coil Loudspeaker Topology as an Indicator of Linear Excursion Capability
Mark R. Gander
The knowledge of a loudspeaker structure's physical dimensions and features can directly predict both the maximum excursion before damage and the linear excursion limit as defined by psychoacoustic or performance criteria.
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10-October-1977
Loudspeakers
John Eargle
Outside of recording conditions themselves, there is more variability in loudspeakers than in any other element or process in the sound recording-reproduction chain.
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10-October-1967
An Ultra-Low Distortion Direct-Current Amplifier
Bart N. Locanthi
A high-power complementary symmetry emitter-follower output amplifier is described which can drive loads in the impedance range of 4 to 16 ohm, providing distortion of less than 0.2% in the range from 20 to 20,000 Hz. Performance measurements on the amplifier are presented and discussed.
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